register of original writs
register of original writs 〈英〉关于签发之原始令状的记录
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Search Results for: original writ
original writ
A writ commencing an action and directing the defendant to appear and answer. • In the United States, this writ has been largely superseded by the summons. At common law, this type of writ was a mandatory letter issuing from the court of chancery under the great seal, and in the king’s name, directed to
original writ
original writ 起始令状；开始令状；初始令状 该令状的含义是指普通法上不动产诉讼的开始或根据。它主要不是主张管辖权，而是以国王命令的形式授予法官审理令状中所包含的事由的权力。这种令状一般采用文秘署〔Chancery〕命令函的形式签发给郡长，而且以君主的名义，加盖国玺。1873年以后，该令状不再使用。所有的诉讼都由传唤令〔writ of summons〕开始。
original promise
A promise to guarantee the debt of another, made primarily for the benefit of the party making the promise. • An original promise need not be in writing to be enforceable. See MAIN-PURPOSE RULE. [Cases: Frauds, Statute of 23.]
peremptory writ
peremptory writ 强制性令状 普通法上的一种诉讼开始令状〔original writ〕，在原告只为寻求一般损害赔偿而起诉(如在侵权之诉〔action for trespass〕中)时签发，指示行政司法官令被告出庭应诉。该令状只有在原告提供诉讼费用担保后才签发。
teste of a writ
teste of a writ 令状的证明条款 以前令状的终结部分，通常以「witness ourselves」等开头。在英格兰法中，每一令状的结尾都有此条款，如果是初始令状〔original writ〕或者是以君主的名义签发的令状，通常以「Teste meipso」开头，意指君主；如果是司法令状〔judicial writ〕则在「Teste」后面加上诉讼所在法院的首席法官的名字。现在已经废除。 (→teste)
registrum originale
registrum originale (ri-jis-tr[schwa]m [schwa]-rij-[schwa]-nay-lee). [Latin] Hist. The register of original writs. — Abbr. reg. orig.
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writ system
writ system. The common-law procedural system under which plaintiff commenced an action by obtaining the appropriate type of original writ.
by bill， by bill without writ
by bill， by bill without writ (英格兰古法)申诉案件 指由申诉状开始的诉讼案件，与由起始令状〔original writ〕开始的案件相区别。在王座法庭，一般由米德尔塞克斯申诉状〔bill of Middlesex〕开始一宗案件，毋须告知诉讼格式或性质。
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judicial writ
judicial writ 〈英〉司法令状 继起始令状〔original writ〕之后，由起始令状所指向的法院所发出的令状。它区别于起始令状的地方在于它不是由文秘署〔Chancery〕发出，不盖国玺而只盖法庭的印章，不是以国王而是以签发法院首席法官的名义签署，其目的不在于开始一起诉讼，而在于处理已开始之诉讼中的一些相关事务。